Enhancing Aircraft Conceptual Design Using Multidisciplinary Optimization
by: Daniel P. Raymer

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9172832592

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engineering mathematics	Abstract Aerospace Design

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Title: Enhancing Aircraft Conceptual Design Using Multidisciplinary Optimization Author: Daniel P. Raymer Year: 2002 Pages: 166 ISBN-10 / ASIN: 9172832592 Publisher: Department of Aeronautics Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm Description: Research into the improvement of the Aircraft Conceptual Design process by the application of Multidisciplinary Optimization (MDO) is presented. Aircraft conceptual design analysis codes were incorporated into a variety of optimization methods including Orthogonal Steepest Descent (full-factorial stepping search), Monte Carlo, a mutation-based Evolutionary Algorithm, and three variants of the Genetic Algorithm with numerous options. These were compared in the optimization of four notional aircraft concepts, namely an advanced multirole export fighter, a commercial airliner, a flyingwing UAV, and a general aviation twin of novel asymmetric configuration. To better stress the methods, the commercial airliner design was deliberately modified for certain case runs to reflect a very poor initial choice of design parameters including wing loading, sweep, and aspect ratio. MDO methods were evaluated in terms of their ability to find the optimal aircraft, as well as total execution time, convergence history, tendencies to get caught in a local optimum, sensitivity to the actual problem posed, and overall ease of programming and operation. In all, more than a million parametric variations of these aircraft designs were defined and analyzed in the course of this research. Following this assessment of the optimization methods, they were used to study the issue of how the computer optimization routine modifies the aircraft geometric inputs to the analysis modules as the design is parametrically changed. Since this will ultimately drive the final result obtained, this subject deserves serious attention. To investigate this subject, procedures for automated redesign which are suitable for aircraft conceptual design MDO were postulated, programmed, and evaluated as to their impact on optimization results for the sample aircraft and on the realism of the computer-defined “optimum” aircraft. (These are sometimes called vehicle scaling laws, but should not be confused with aircraft sizing, also called scaling in some circles.)